1、Unit 3 The world onlineGrammar&Usage(I)Verb-ing forms as attributives,adverbials and object complementsVerb-ing forms as attributivesVerb-ing forms as adverbialsVerb-ing forms as object complements a website belonging to all dance lovers Taking advantage of the sites great startshe watched her daugh
2、ter dancingWorking out the rulesl The verb-ing form can be used like an adjective or adverb,indicating a(n)(1)(active/passive)meaning.l When the verb-ing form is used as an attributive,it often comes(2)(before/after)the noun,but the verb-ing phrase used as an attributive is usually put(3)(before/aft
3、er)the noun.l When used as an adverbial,the verb-ing form can express time,reason,purpose,or result or condition.l The verb-ing form can also be used as an object complement.activebeforeafter1.the running water2.the reading room3.The fly swimming in the soup seems quite content with the soup.4.The c
4、ustomer sitting at the table is very angry.=The customer who is sitting at the table is very angry.动词的动词的-ing形式作定语，位于形式作定语，位于被修饰名词的前面。被修饰名词的前面。1._ dogs seldom bite.(bark)2.The wolf spoke in a _ voice and Mr.Dongguo felt_.(frighten)3.Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.(sleep)4.The _ buildings
5、 showed us that an earthquake was coming.(shake)Barking frighteningfrightenedsleepingshakinging形式作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系，形式作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系，常常用来表示常常用来表示等。等。ing形式形式一般不作目的状语一般不作目的状语（通常用（通常用_作目的状语）。作目的状语）。to doWalking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street,I c
6、ame across an old friend of mine.)When I look at my classmates faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.(=Looking at my classmates faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.)1）作作时间状语时间状语2)作作原因状语原因状语 Being ill,he didnt go to school.(=As he was ill,he didnt go to school.)Being a student,you
7、 should study hard.(=Since you are a student,you should study hard.)Thinking he might be at home,I called him.(=As I thought he might be at home,I called him.)3)表方式，伴随情况状语表方式，伴随情况状语 作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作主语的一个动作，或，或是是与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是，或是对谓语表对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地
8、补充说明，示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明，此时它可转化成此时它可转化成并列句。并列句。He sat on the sofa,watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa and watched TV.)1.1.他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_,they went into the classroom.2.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。He stood _ against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)Laughing and talking4)表结果表结果Her moth
9、er died in 1990,leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990,and left her with her younger brother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,making it the most popular song.5)表条件表条件Using your head,you will find a way.(=If you use you
10、r head,you will find a way.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。_,you will see a white house.Walking ahead1.For a moment,I hesitated,not _ to rent him a room,but.(want)2._(use)as a means of traffic in China,the bike is very useful.3.The building_over there now is our library.(build)4.The blind man
11、 walked _ the walls of the buildings.(touch)5.我们都为即将到来的我们都为即将到来的足球比赛足球比赛感到紧张。感到紧张。要注意各种形式变化：要注意各种形式变化：主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 动词动词-ing作状语作状语一般式一般式完成式完成式V-ingbeing V-edhaving V-edhaving been V-ed 听到铃声，学生们开始走进教室。听到铃声，学生们开始走进教室。Hearing the bell,the students began to enter the classroom.正在建造的大楼是我们的新图书馆。正在建造的大
12、楼是我们的新图书馆。The building being built now is our new library.being built为现在分词的为现在分词的被动被动形式，表示形式，表示动作动作正在进行正在进行之中之中。完成了工作，他就回家了。完成了工作，他就回家了。Having done the work,he went home.一般式一般式完成式完成式V.-inghaving V.-ed否定式否定式 not+V.-ing not having+V.-ed 动词动词-ing形式的否定式形式的否定式1.他不知道这件事，所以没来。他不知道这件事，所以没来。_(know)this,he di
13、dnt come.2.因为没有做好充足的准备，我们把运动会延期了。因为没有做好充足的准备，我们把运动会延期了。_(make)full preparations,we put off the sports meeting.独立主格结构独立主格结构动词动词ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己的形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己的，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示情况，也可以表示。The trees are extremely tall,some over 90 meters.The weather ,we went o
14、ut for a walk.being finemeasuring一般来说 从判断从全盘考虑e.g.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。动词动词-ing形式作评注性状语形式作评注性状语有些动词有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度，观点等。的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度，观点等。generally speakingjudging by/from.taking everything into considerationJudging from his behaviour,he must
15、 be mad.(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词表示感觉和心理状态的动词()，常见的有，常见的有等。等。我感觉到有人拍了一下我的肩膀。我感觉到有人拍了一下我的肩膀。I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.你能闻到烧焦的味道吗？你能闻到烧焦的味道吗？Can you smell anything burning?我没有注意到他正在大门口等着。我没有注意到他正在大门口等着。I didnt notice him waiting at the gate.(2)表示指使意义的动词表示指使意义的动词()，常见的有，常见的有等。等。我不愿意让你一直做那件事。我不愿意
16、让你一直做那件事。I wont you that.对不起，让你一直等了那么久。对不起，让你一直等了那么久。Im sorry to have you.我不能让钟表再运行了。我不能让钟表再运行了。I cant the clock again.He was last seen (play)by the river.When I entered the room,I saw him (try)on a new coat.They kept us waiting for a whole hour.(变为被动语态变为被动语态)We for a whole hour.I saw him put on his
17、 coat and walk out.(变为被动语态变为被动语态)He his coat and walk out.B1Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ing forms as attributives,adverbials or object complements.1.I saw in the computer room.should be careful about their personal information.he jumped for joy.I started writing my article.B2Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.1.thinking2.amazing3.cutting4.Using6.runningPossible answer
