1、单词预习检测单词预习检测 英汉互译英汉互译1.（精神上的、外界施加的）压力 n _ 2.造成/促使（某事发生）vi _ 3.促成；造成 _ 4.从短期看 _ 5.从长期看 _ 6.记忆力；记性 n _ 7.（疾病等）侵袭；发作 n _ 8.数量；数额；总数 n _ pressurecontributecontribute toin the short termattackamountmemoryin the long term单词预习检测单词预习检测 英汉互译英汉互译9.日程安排；时刻表 n _10.负面的；消极的 adj _ 11.memorize vt _记住；熟记记住；熟记negativ
2、eschedule1.pressurepress(v 压)+-ure(的过程/结果)压力(基本义)词块：blood pressure,under pressure,put pressure on sb 名词动词化：对施加压力；迫使2.contributecon-(together)+tribute(贡品)贡献(基本义)词块：contribute to,contribute(sth)to sth 词族：contribute,contributor,contribution3.memorymemor(to remember)+-y(名词后缀)记忆(力)(基本义)熟词生义：存储器；存储量(内存)抽象
3、名词具体化：意为“记忆、回忆”时用复数词块：in memory of词族：memory,memorize,memorable,memorial 本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理4.attack一词多义：基本义“攻击；进攻”词块：under attack；派生词：attacker 5.amounta-(to)+mount(mountain)到达山顶(最高处)总共达、合计 数量词块：a large amount of;amount to6.schedule在英式英语中，schedule指工作计划、日程安排，timetable 指时间表、时刻表。在美式英语中，工作计划、日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用 sc
4、hedule；词块：ahead of/on/behind schedule；名词动词化：as scheduled，schedule sb/sth to do sth7.negative一词多义：基本义“否定的”；反义词：positive熟词生义：阴性的(可联系核酸检测阴性)词块：a negative attitudecontribute一词多义一词多义辨析义辨析义schedule搭配义搭配义重重难难点点词词精精讲讲attack一词多义一词多义negative一词多义一词多义contribute tribe由“tri（three，三）+-be”构成，来自拉丁语 tribus,部落、宗族、地区，特
5、指古罗马城邦三个三个宗族集团 Latins(拉丁人)，Sabines(萨宾人)，Etruscans(伊特鲁里亚人)。tribe（部落）tribute 贡品、贡金 con-（一起）+tribute contribute(一起把贡品献给)贡献贡献contribute由“con-+-tribute”构成。contribute v vt&vi 贡献；捐助；捐献：贡献；捐助；捐献：It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money.contribute(sth)to sth:Immigrants have contributed
6、to American culture in many ways.contribute(money)to the Red CrossHe never contributes(ideas)to the discussion.vi 造成造成 /促使促使 (某事发生某事发生)to help to make sth happen：Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.2020 天津Stress is a contributing factor in many il
7、lnesses.vt&vi 投投 (稿稿)；撰；撰 (稿稿)：She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.contribution n C 贡献：贡献：I admire Edison a lot because he made a greatcontribution to the world.2008 湖南书面表达改 捐款；捐献物：捐款；捐献物：I gave a contribution of$100 to/toward the church.稿件；作品：稿件；作品：This is a magazine with contribut
8、ions from well-known travel writers.contributor n C 捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素同结构：way to sth,key to sth,solution to sth必修一必修一 Unit 1二者均可表示“捐献”，其后均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换使用。It is more meaningful to donate/contribute books and sports goods to children in need.2013 江苏改donate 还有“献血”之意。Many people have don
9、ated that type of blood.2012 北京contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、物力、智力等。此外，contribute 还可表示“促成”、“起作用”、“投稿”的意思。I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.The scientist often contributes to an academic journal.辨辨 donate,contrib
10、utecontribute语义网络图语义网络图贡献贡献contribute(基本义)“贡献贡献”人力、人力、物力、财力等物力、财力等为某事的发生做为某事的发生做“贡献贡献”“贡献贡献”稿件等稿件等贡献；捐助；贡献；捐助；捐献捐献造成造成 /促使促使 (某事发生某事发生)投投 (稿稿)；撰；撰 (稿稿)贡献贡献contribution捐款；捐献物捐款；捐献物稿件；作品稿件；作品J.K.Rowlings novel Harry Potter made a great contribution to the world literature.She has contributed a lot of
11、money to the charity since she became rich.To inspire other writers,she shared some rejection letters from the publishers.Those letters related to The Cuckoos Calling.J.K.Rowling contributed the novel to a magazine under the name of Galbraith without revealing her true identity.The first was rejecte
12、d by several publishers,and Rowling was even advised to take a writing course.When The Cuckoos Calling eventually found a publisher in 2013,it was achieving respectable sales before the secret of its authorship broke,and it contributed to the novel reaching the top of the bestseller lists.attackDont
13、 be afraid of enemies who attack you.Be afraid of the friends who flatter you.不要怕那些攻击你的敌人。不要怕那些攻击你的敌人。而要担心那些奉承你的朋友。而要担心那些奉承你的朋友。这句话曾出现在人性的弱点(How to Win Friends and Influence People)中。人性的弱点汇集了作者戴尔卡耐基(Dale Carnegie)的思想精华，是世界成功学第一书，世界上最畅销、最经典、最实用的为人处世参考书。attack v vt&vi 攻击；进攻攻击；进攻：Travelers should not f
14、eed the wild animals in a close distance because they may attack people.2014 江西改 vt 抨击抨击 to criticize sb/sth strongly：His remarks were attacked in the newspaper.vt（疾病、虫、化学物等疾病、虫、化学物等）侵袭侵袭；侵蚀：侵蚀：Recently,the H7N9 bird flu has attacked many cities.C&U 攻击；进攻：攻击；进攻：an air attack make fierce attacks agai
15、nst/on When a plant is under attack,it sends out certain chemicals.C&U 抨击：抨击：a personal attack C(疾病等疾病等)侵袭侵袭；发作：；发作：He suffered a heart attack.attack n“攻击攻击”人或物的人或物的身体身体“攻击攻击”人的作品人的作品病、虫、化学物等病、虫、化学物等“攻击攻击”人人 /物物攻击；进攻攻击；进攻抨击抨击（疾病等）（疾病等）侵袭；侵蚀侵袭；侵蚀attack语义网络图语义网络图attack攻击攻击基本义基本义攻击；进攻攻击；进攻抨击抨击（疾病等）（疾病等
16、）侵袭；发作侵袭；发作vnClass Scheduleschedule许多与书写有关的词往往可以追溯到许多与书写有关的词往往可以追溯到用以涂写最早文字符号用以涂写最早文字符号的树皮和树叶的树皮和树叶，或凿刻最早文字符号的石头，如，或凿刻最早文字符号的石头，如 paper（纸）（纸）原指原指“纸莎草纸莎草”。schedule 一词的来源可追溯到拉丁词一词的来源可追溯到拉丁词 scheda，表示，表示“纸莎草的叶子纸莎草的叶子”。从。从 scheda 衍生出指小词衍生出指小词 sceduala“small piece of paper”（小张纸）。（小张纸）。15世纪初世纪初 scedula 通过
17、法语通过法语 cedule 进入英语后，其拼写逐渐演变为进入英语后，其拼写逐渐演变为 schedule，词义也由小纸条引申词义便笺，便条，日程表等词义也由小纸条引申词义便笺，便条，日程表等。到了。到了19世世纪纪 schedule 已获得了今天还在使用的一些词义，已获得了今天还在使用的一些词义，如如“一览一览表表”“”“时间表时间表”“”“时刻表时刻表”“”“计划表计划表”等。等。schedule词源解读词源解读n C&U 日程安排；时刻表日程安排；时刻表 a plan of things that will happen or of work that must be done(timeta
18、ble)：Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too.a class/train scheduleThe majority of holiday flights depart and arrive on schedule.Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.The tunnel project has already fallen behind schedule.schedule注：在英式英语中，schedule指工作计划、日程安排，tim
19、etable指时间表、时刻表。在美式英语中，工作计划、日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用schedule。课文课文vt常用于被动语态安排；将常用于被动语态安排；将列入进度表列入进度表 to plan that sth will happen at a particular time：As scheduled,we have English Talent Show today.2014 陕西书面表达 schedule sth(for sth):The summer sale is scheduled for tomorrow.schedule sb/sth to do sth:The trip is
20、scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City.2017 全国negative新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）自2019年12月爆发以来，参与常规核酸检测几乎成了人们的习惯。而对于新冠病毒检测结果分为两种情况：1、阳性阳性（positive），已感染，有病发可能，将进行隔离救治。2、阴性阴性（negative），未感染，结果属于正常标准值。negative adj 否定的：否定的：a negative sentence/reply I have a negative opinion on the value of this idea w
21、hile others are positive about it.负面的；消极的负面的；消极的 反反 positive：negative thoughtsIn my opinion,the Internet has negative effects on our lives.A negative attitude will never give you a positive life.（电（电/数字）负的；（医）阴性的数字）负的；（医）阴性的 反反 positive：a negative number/charge/trade balance课文课文negative 语义网络图语义网络图回答回答“否定的否定的”想法等想法等“否定的否定的”电、数字、医学检电、数字、医学检测结果等测结果等“否定的否定的”否定的否定的负面的；消极的负面的；消极的（电（电 /数字）负的；数字）负的；（医）阴性的（医）阴性的否定的否定的基本义基本义negative
