1、Unit 4SPACE EXPLORATION1.procedure n.程序；步骤程序；步骤 proceed v.运行，运作运行，运作 process v.&n.过程过程 processor n.处理器处理器2.mental adj.精神的；思想的；大脑的；存在于脑中的精神的；思想的；大脑的；存在于脑中的 mentally adv.精神上；精神地精神上；精神地 physical adj.-physically adv.身体的；物理的身体的；物理的 spirit:n.精神精神;心灵心灵;情绪情绪 thought:n.思想思想;想法想法3.intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力
2、的有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 intelligence n.智力；才智；智慧智力；才智；智慧 同义词同义词:clever:adj.聪明的聪明的;灵巧的灵巧的;bright:adj.聪明的聪明的;明亮的明亮的 wise:adj.明智的明智的;英明的英明的 smart:adj.聪明的聪明的;精明的精明的4.determine v.查明查明;确定确定;决定决定 determination n.决心决心 determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的有决心的；意志坚定的 determine on/upon sth 决定决定/决心做某事决心做某事 determine to do 决定决定/做某事做某
3、事(动作动作)be determined to do 决心决心/决意要做某事决意要做某事(状态状态)5.launch vt./n.发射；发起；上市发射；发起；上市 After the Dragon spacecrafts were launched successfully many times,Space X launched an advertisement campaign：the new model will be launched in two months.（航天器等）发射（航天器等）发射发起；发动（活动）发起；发动（活动）（新产品、新书等）推出；上市；发行（新产品、新书等）推出；
4、上市；发行6.disappointdisappoint vt.使使失望失望 disappointing adj.令人失望的令人失望的disappointed adj.失望的失望的 disappointment n.失望失望be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望对某人失望be disappointed at/about sth.对某事失望对某事失望to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是令某人失望的是vt.使失望使失望;使落空使落空用disappoint的正确形式或介词填空1.The _ result made everyone here_.2.My
5、 parents will be disappointed _ me if I fail the exam.3.To my_,they refused my request.4.We were all disappointed _ the news that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain.5.He was disappointed _ see that she wasnt at the party.disappointingdisappointedindisappointmentatto7.desire n.渴望；欲望；渴求渴望；欲望
6、；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要希望得到；想要 desire to do=have a desire to do渴望做某事渴望做某事 desire sth=have a desire for sth渴望某物渴望某物 desire sb to do=desire that sb(should)do.渴望渴望/希望某人做希望某人做 desire 后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词 用用“should+动词原形动词原形”，should 可以省略。可以省略。类似：一个类似：一个“坚持坚持”（insist）；）；两道两道“命令命令”（
7、order，command）；）；四条四条“建议建议”（suggest，propose，advise，recommend）；）；五点五点“要求要求”（demand，desire，request，require，urge）。）。8.carry on 继续做，坚持干继续做，坚持干 =continue to docarry on sth.carry on with sth.carry on doing sth.carry out 进行；贯彻；执行；实施进行；贯彻；执行；实施 carry through 贯穿，使渡过难关贯穿，使渡过难关carry off 赢得；成功地对付赢得；成功地对付 carry
8、away 拿走，冲走，情绪激动拿走，冲走，情绪激动carry about 随身携带随身携带1.I got carried _ and started shouting at the superstar.2.Its often easier to make plans than it is to carry them _3.Lets stop here.Well carry _ the conversation tomorrow.4.Carry the baby_.Its dangerous here.5.She carried _most of the prizes6.Perseverance
9、 will carry a man _.7.The elderly always carries _ a radio.awayoutonawayoffthroughabout9.on board在宇宙飞船上在宇宙飞船上 在火车上在火车上在船上在船上在飞机上在飞机上黑黑 板板董董 事事 会会形近词语形近词语broad adj.宽的；广阔的宽的；广阔的 abroad adv.在国外；到国外在国外；到国外 at abroad 在国外在国外 go abroad 去国外去国外10.independently adv.独立地；自立地独立地；自立地 independent adj.独立的；自立的独立的；自立
10、的 be independent of 不依赖不依赖；独立于；独立于之外之外 independence n.独立独立 (get/gain)independence from 从从.（取得）独立（取得）独立 dependence n.依赖，依靠依赖，依靠 depend(v.)on 依靠；信赖；取决于依靠；信赖；取决于 be dependent(adj.)on 依赖；取决于依赖；取决于11.signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号；标志；信号灯信号；标志；信号灯 signal to sb.for sth.示意某人某事示意某人某事 signal(to/for s
11、b）to do 示意某人做某事示意某人做某事new adj.新的renew v.使更新；重新开始place v.放；置 replace vt.取代；放回move v.移动 remove vt.移开；挪走 use vt.使用 reuse vt.再利用 build v.建；建造 rebuild v.重建re-+12.recycle vt.回收利用；再利用回收利用；再利用 recyclable adj.可再回收利用的可再回收利用的 recycling U n.回收利用；循环使用回收利用；循环使用13.lack U n.缺乏；短缺缺乏；短缺 lack of 缺少缺少/no lack of 不缺少不缺少
12、 for/because of/through lack of 因为缺乏因为缺乏 vt.&vi.没有；缺乏没有；缺乏（不用于被动）（不用于被动）lack sth.缺乏缺乏/lack（for）nothing 什么也不缺什么也不缺 be lacking in 缺乏缺乏 14.figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算（数量或成本）弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算（数量或成本）“v.+out”短语归纳：短语归纳：break out（战争、灾难等）爆发；发生（战争、灾难等）爆发；发生bring out 使显出；出版；生产使显出；出版；生产give out 分发；用完；耗尽；发出（热、光等）分发；用完；
13、耗尽；发出（热、光等）come out 出现；出版；结果是出现；出版；结果是make out 勉强看见、听出；理解；弄清楚勉强看见、听出；理解；弄清楚look out/watch out 当心；留神当心；留神turn out 制造；生产；最后是；结果是制造；生产；最后是；结果是work out 算出；想出；制订出；锻炼；解决；产生结果；被证明有效算出；想出；制订出；锻炼；解决；产生结果；被证明有效15.sufficient adj.足够的；充足的足够的；充足的 sufficiency n.足够；充分足够；充分 sufficiently adv.足够地；充分地足够地；充分地be sufficie
14、nt for 对对来说是足够的来说是足够的be sufficient to do sth.足够做某事足够做某事16.keen adj.热衷的；渴望的热衷的；渴望的 keenly adv.强烈地；（观察）敏锐地强烈地；（观察）敏锐地 keenness n.渴望；热衷渴望；热衷be keen to do sth.渴望做某事渴望做某事be keen on（doing）sth.热衷于（做）某事热衷于（做）某事take/have a keen interest in 对对有兴趣有兴趣a keen eye for sth.对某事物有敏锐的眼光对某事物有敏锐的眼光17.argue vt.&vi.论证论证;争
15、辩；争论争辩；争论;表明表明 argument n.争论；辩论争论；辩论 arguable adj.可论证的可论证的;有论据的有论据的;无把握的无把握的 argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人与某人 争论某事争论某事 argue for 为支持为支持而争辩而争辩 argue against 为反对为反对而争辩；不赞成而争辩；不赞成 argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事/不做不做 have an argument with sb.与某人争论与某人争论/争吵争吵 have an argument about/over
16、sth.为某事争论为某事争论/争吵争吵【词语辨析】【词语辨析】argue与与 debate（1）argue 侧重侧重“说理说理”“论证论证”和和“企图说服企图说服”。（2）debate 侧重侧重“双方各抒己见双方各抒己见”，内含，内含“交锋交锋”的意思。的意思。18.result in 导致；造成导致；造成 result in（=lead to=contribute to）导致，引起（其导致，引起（其后接结果后接结果）result from（=lie in）由由引起，在于（其引起，在于（其后接原因后接原因）19.as a result 所以；结果（是）所以；结果（是）辨析：辨析：as a re
17、sult 与与 as a result of as a result“所以；结果（是）所以；结果（是）”，单独使用，一般放在句首，后面，单独使用，一般放在句首，后面 常加逗号。常加逗号。as a result of“作为作为的结果，由于的结果，由于”，后接名词、代词或动名词，后接名词、代词或动名词 作宾语。作宾语。eg:As a result of the pilotsstrike,all flights had to be cancelled.provide sb.with sth.把某物提供给某人把某物提供给某人 provide sth.for/to sb.为某人提供某物为某人提供某物 p
18、rovided that.如果如果/假如假如 if/suppose that.offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.supply sb.with sth.=supply sth.to sb.20.provide for sb.提供生活所需提供生活所需向某人提供某物向某人提供某物21.run out 用完，耗尽（不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态）用完，耗尽（不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态）run out of 用完，耗尽（及物动词短语，有被动语态）用完，耗尽（及物动词短语，有被动语态）eg:Her money has run out and she is also runni
19、ng out of patience.use up(sth.)用完，用尽（及物动词短语）用完，用尽（及物动词短语）(sth.)give out 用完，用尽（不及物动词短语）用完，用尽（不及物动词短语）22.attach vt.系；绑；贴；和系；绑；贴；和.在一起；认为有重要性在一起；认为有重要性:vi.与与有关联；有关联；attachment n.附属；附着；依恋附属；附着；依恋 attach.to.把把固定在固定在/附在附在上上attach to sb/sth 与与.有关联有关联attach（great/little）importance/significance/value/weight
20、to 认为认为（很有（很有/几乎没有）重要性几乎没有）重要性/意义意义/价值价值/分量分量attached adj.附加的；附属的；依恋的附加的；附属的；依恋的 be attached to 喜欢；附属于；为喜欢；附属于；为工作工作注意注意:以上以上 attach 短语中的短语中的 to 均为均为介词介词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。THANK YOUTHANK YOUVocabulary quiz in B3U41.I want to be an _(宇航员宇航员),traveling to the moon in a spacecraft.2.Police
21、insist that Michael did not follow the correct _(程序程序,步骤步骤)in applying for a visa.3.Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and _(精神的精神的)health.4.Education should be a _ right and not a privilege(universe).5.To our great_,it rained every day of the trip.(disappoint)6.He made _(determ
22、ine)efforts to overcome all the difficulties.7.A series of technical foul-ups delayed the _(上市上市)of the new product.8.These youngsters are motivated not by a _(渴望渴望)to achieve,but by fear of failure.9.Air pollution is not new and has been _(持续存在的持续存在的)for a number of years.10.Anything with strong _(
23、重力重力)attracts other things to it.11.He stood up,_ to the officer that he had finished with his client.(signal)12.The committee is concerned about players behavior,especially _with referees.(argue)13.I made the_mistake of letting him finish the task alone.(致命的致命的)14.She was taken to hospital sufferin
24、g from a/an _ heartbeat.(regular)15.We are doing our best with the _ resources available.(有限的有限的)16._is from New York.下一班到达的飞机来自纽约下一班到达的飞机来自纽约。17.He was _his opinion among us.他是我们中最后一个发表意见的人他是我们中最后一个发表意见的人。18.The activity not only broadens our horizons _ _.(而且使我们更好地了解我们的生活而且使我们更好地了解我们的生活)19.These di
25、sasters _(让每一个人让每一个人 都很伤心和失望都很伤心和失望),but the desire to explore the universe never died.20.It is advisable for us_(重视重视)writing,because it plays a key role in our academic performance.1.I want to be an _(宇航员宇航员)，traveling to the moon in a spacecraft.2.Police insist that Michael did not follow the cor
26、rect _(程序程序,步骤步骤)in applying for a visa.3.Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and _(精神的精神的)health.4.Education should be a _ right and not a privilege(universe).5.To our great_,it rained every day of the trip.(disappoint)astronautprocedurementaluniversaldisappointment6.He made _(d
27、etermine)efforts to overcome all the difficulties.7.A series of technical foul-ups delayed the _(上市上市)of the new product.8.These youngsters are motivated not by a _(渴望渴望)to achieve,but by fear of failure.9.Air pollution is not new and has been _(持续存在的持续存在的)for a number of years.10.Anything with stro
28、ng _(重力重力)attracts other things to it.determinedlaunchdesireongoinggravity11.He stood up,_ to the officer that he had finished with his client.(signal)12.The committee is concerned about players behavior,especially _with referees.(argue)13.I made the_mistake of letting him finish the task alone.(致命的
29、致命的)14.She was taken to hospital suffering from a/an _ heartbeat.(regular)15.We are doing our best with the _ resources available.(有限的有限的)signalingarguingfatalirregularlimited16._is from New York.下一班到达的飞机来自纽约下一班到达的飞机来自纽约。17.He was _his opinion among us.他是我们中最后一个发表意见的人他是我们中最后一个发表意见的人。18.The activity
30、not only broadens our horizons _ _.(而且使我们更好地了解我们的生活而且使我们更好地了解我们的生活)19.These disasters _(让每一个人让每一个人 都很伤心和失望都很伤心和失望),but the desire to explore the universe never died.20.It is advisable for us_(重视重视)writing,because it plays a key role in our academic performance.The next plane to arrivethe last person to express but also enables us to understand our life better.made everyone sad and disappointedto attach importance to
