1、单元重点小结单元重点小结 重点句型 1.This for some people ,so they are often left to gather dust on shelves. 对有些人来说,读它们是困难的,所以常被搁置在书架上积满了灰 尘。 2.Pips sister often abuses him,but Joe is a kind and simple man who die see any harm come to Pip. 皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他,但乔却是一个淳朴、善良的人,他宁愿死 也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。 3.Pip dislikes Joe comes to vis
2、it him in London. 当乔来伦敦看他时,皮普并不乐意。 makes them difficult to read would rather than it when 4.English literature,especially English fiction,is in the literary world. 英国文学,特别是英国小说,在文学界具有重大意义。 5. in his hands,he sat down on the old bench and waited. 他把它(球)捧在手中,坐在旧长凳上等着。 6. probably Burns talked about a
3、rose in his famous poem,A Red,Red Rose. 这可能就是彭斯在他著名的诗歌一朵红红的玫瑰里评论玫瑰 的原因。 of great significance Holding it This is why 重点语法 否定词和否定陈述 1.助动词+not I know what to do. 我不知道该做什么? He been to Beijing before. 他以前没去过北京。 2.not+其他词 Its to have such dust storms in Beijing. 沙尘暴在北京不算稀奇。 I thank you . 怎么感谢你都不过分。 dont
4、hasnt not uncommon cant enough 3.否定表达 I can speak French. 我几乎不会说法语。 I stay at home go out. 我宁愿待在家里也不出去。 4.完全否定 of us come from America. 我们两个都不是美国人。 of the books are of use. 这些书都没有用。 5.部分否定 the students like playing basketball. 并非所有学生都喜欢打篮球。 I understand you say. 我并不完全明白你说的话。 hardly would rather than
5、 Neither None Not all dont everything 功能 Asking for and giving opinions(征求意见和给出看法) 1.征求意见: Do you think that.?(你认为?) How do you feel about.?(对于,你认为?) What is your opinion of.?(对于,你的看法是?) 2.给出看法: (1)I feel that.(我认为) If you ask me,I would say.(要我说的话,我认为) In my opinion.(在我看来,) (2)Exactly!(完全正确。) I thi
6、nk so,too.(我也这样认为。) I feel the same way.(我也这样认为。) (3)I disagree.(我不同意。) I beg to differ.(我不赞同。) I dont feel the same way.(我不这样认为。) 走近高考 高考英语阅读七选五做题技巧 1.上下文语境分析法 段落中挖空的句子通常在语境和逻辑关系方面和上下文有密切的 关系,所以确定正确选项的方法是所选的选项应该在语境方面和原 文中的上下文无缝连接,无论在文意上,还是说话者的语气上都应 保持一致。例如2016年全国高考甲卷36题考查的就是上下文语境。 只有根据下文的“But it do
7、esnt happen by accident.”才知道,挖空 处要表示“你自己也能创造出这种效果”。再如: 【典例1】 What is happiness?When you can feel inner peace and satisfaction,you are happy. 36 This usually happens when we do something we love or achieve something that we value.It is our opinions that make us feel happy or unhappy.All of us constan
8、tly go through various situations or conditions,but we do not have to let them influence our reactions and feelings. E.Inner peace can lead to happiness,so smile more often. G.It is usually experienced at a special moment. 剖析 G 由空后一句可知,幸福感总是在我们做我们喜欢做的事 情或者得到我们重视的东西时出现,据此可知,G项在语意上与之保 持一致。G项的意思是“在特定时刻
9、通常会体验到幸福感”。这样 就和下文的when we do something we love or achieve something that we value保持了一致。 2.词汇复现法 复现不是指词语的简单再现,而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、 词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现。如read,reading,reader。 有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。例如2016全国高考甲卷 40题选项G中the strongest memory与后面的your childhood memories 就是利用了memory的单复数形式的变化作为信息提示。 再如: 【典例2】 First,und
10、erstand that some opportunities(机会)for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 73 And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming,try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably somethin
11、g simple,like taking a shower or walking,or even making meaningless drawings. A.Having interesting things to think about also helps. B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C.Without wandering minds,we wouldnt have relativity,Coke or Post-it notes. 剖析 A 选项中的“also helps”与空前一句中的“help”对应,
12、且两句 话主语形式统一,都说的是做白日梦的条件,故A项为答案。句意为 “思考一些有趣的事情对此也有帮助”。 3.词汇指代法 英语表达中,有时会用代词或定冠词来指代前面提及的名词或是前 面的一个句子。如it,they,this,these,the,all等。由此可以得知前面指 代的名词的数。分析逻辑关系时也要注意这些代词所指代的内容。 例如2016全国高考丙卷37题。上文说“鱼的购买、贮存和烹调不 是什么难事”,分析选项内容后知道,挖空处的意思是“鱼的购买、贮 存和烹调只是需要一些知识”,为了避免重复,肯定要用代词it来代 替非谓语动词短语buying,storing,and cooking f
13、ish,因此D项正确。 再如: 【典例3】 Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 1 Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the m
14、istake. . A.Learn to really trust yourself. B.It is putting confidence in someone. 剖析 B 根据上句“信任是我们从过去的经历中获取的一种行为” 和下句“信任是一种冒险”可知,此空填B项,本句是对第一句话的进 一步解释:“信任是信赖某人”。由于前文出现了名词trust,这里B项 中用it指代它。 4.挖空位置推理法 (1)挖空位置在段首,可能是段落主题句。此时要阅读后文内容,找 出同义词或者其他相关的词汇,推断出主题句;段首的挖空句也可 能是段落间的过渡句,这时要瞻前顾后找启示,阅读上一段结尾部 分,结合下一段内
15、容,看看所考虑的选项是否能将两段内容连接起 来;段首的挖空句也可能与后文存在并列、转折、因果关系等,这 就要着重阅读后文的第一、二句,锁定线索信息词,然后在选项中 查找相关特征词,答案的最后一句一定与挖空后的第一句在意思上 紧密衔接。例如2016全国高考丙卷第38题就是段首的挖空。空后 的句子主要讲述关于“买鱼时要闻鱼的气味”可知,F项“When buying fish,you should first smell it.”能够与下文相辅相成。再例如 2016全国高考乙卷38题,根据下文举出的例子可知,此处介绍的是 隐藏信息的另一种方式:用符号或数字代替特定的字母,因此选择G 项。 (2)挖空
16、位置在段尾。通常是结论性、概括性语句。注意在选项中 查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信息词。段尾的挖空也可能是引 出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联,此时可 以考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。段尾的挖空可能与前文 构成转折或者对比关系,就要在选项中查找表示转折或者对比的词; 段尾的挖空也可能与前文构成并列或者排比关系。在这种情况下, 通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节,就要根据段落一 致性原则,在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词。如果在文章第一段 的段尾挖空,就要看此处是细节还是主旨。通常情况下,第一段要 提出文章的主题,那就要看一下挖空句子是否与后面的各段内容一 致,而且往
17、往会用一些特征词引出主题。 【典例4】 Finally,you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 5 Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. E.It involves slow,steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentiv
18、e. F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard to understand. G.Therefore,its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone. 剖析 G 本文介绍了白日做梦的利与弊,并指出在人类历史上有 许多伟大想法或成就都是白日做梦促成的。这里说的是你永远也 不知道是否在做白日梦的过程中会产生一些好的主意。段尾挖空
19、内容通常是结论、概括性语句。选项G中的“to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby”很好地解决了上句话中提出的问题,同时 Therefore很好地把两句话进行了衔接,故答案为G项。 (3)挖空部分是一整个自然段。首先,要看全文是否有多个小标题, 这或许是其中的一个小标题。通过其他标题的内容及呈现形式,即 可推断出挖空的内容;其次,看一下这个段落是否能承上启下,自成 一体。这时,可以阅读分析较长的选项,并分析段落之间的逻辑关 系及内容的连贯性,注意段落间的连接手段。将选项代入原文,如 果前后内容连贯,符合逻辑,便是答案。 【典例5】 . 39 Havi
20、ng a great idea is not enough;you must work to make it a reality.Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago?Yet someone else is making money with“your” idea.We all have great ideas sometimes,but only a few people turn their ideas into realities.The diff
21、erence between a dreamer and a doer is action.Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life.If you can put them into practice,you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life. A.Take action B.Seek several options C.Think from the other persons point of view 剖析 A 阅读全
22、文可知,挖空部分是一整段。而且全文是有多个小 标题,这是其中的一个小标题。其他标题都用祈使句的形式呈现的, 而且每段叙述的是如何具有创造力的一个技巧,由此可推断出挖空 的内容应该也是技巧之一;再阅读此小标题下的内容可知,本段的 主旨是有了梦想后,重要的是立即采取行动。其中的中心句为“The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action.”因此A项正确。 5.关联词语推断法 英语的段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡,以 使文章更加连贯,表达更加清楚,因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的 关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。常见的关联词有:
23、 因果关系:so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result 等。 条件关系:as(so)long as,on condition that,if,unless等。 并列关系:first,second,third.;firstly,secondly,thirdly.;first,next, then.;in the first place,in the second place.;for one thing,for another thing.等。 转折关系:however,nevertheless,though,yet,
24、otherwise等。 对比关系:on the contrary,in contrast,by contrast,in comparison,by comparison等。 层递关系:also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,in addition,whats more等。 解释关系:for example,for instance,in fact,actually等。 总结说明:in conclusion,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等。 定义关系:namely,in othe
25、r words,that is to say,or rather等。 拓展阅读 诵读经典可以使人提高素养,增长才智。但是,只有掌握了一定的 阅读技巧,阅读经典才是快乐之旅。 The written word is one of the most powerful forms of expression.Classical literature written many years ago still has the power to educate and inspire people.Many people find it difficult to read the classics.In
26、fact,reading the classics can be a pleasurable experience especially as you mature and develop a deeper understanding of the world. Read for enjoyment.Classical literature should be read for enjoyment as well as education.Look for the works by authors youre familiar with through movies or TV.Choose
27、the type of classical literature that you enjoy reading from past experience. Keep a dictionary on hand.Use the Oxford English Dictionary as a reference for unfamiliar words or to define words that have changed in meaning over time.Start slowly and work on reading 30 minutes a day to get into the ha
28、bit. Get to read its biographical information.This is because it relates to the setting of the story and author.To have a better understanding of the story,find out more about the time period in which a work was created and the background of its author. Do research on the Internet.Large numbers of w
29、ebsites,like Bibliomania,provide information for the study and exploration of classical literature. Understand story structure.Classical literature often contains complex plots and extensive character development.Focus on reading for the overall theme or the meaning of the story,and take notes to re
30、cognize the basic elements of the story. Buy literature companions.Authoritative works such as the Oxford Companion to Classical Literature or the Norton Anthology of English Literature offer popular classic works of literature to get you started. Understand the use of footnotes in literature.Classi
31、c literature is often full of references to social and culture elements of the past.Footnotes may be used to explain these references and make the material easier to understand. 词海拾贝 overall /vrl/ adj.全面的;总体的 authoritative /rttIv/ adj.权威性的 footnote /ftnt/ n.脚注 理解诱思 1.According to the author,reading the classics can make you . A.confused B.respectable C.joyful D.excited 答案:C 2.Which tip do you think is the most useful while reading the classics? 答案:The last tip.Because I think footnotes are helpful to me.
