1、后缀1. -eer表示“专门从事某种工作或职业的人”;单词重音在-eer所构成的音节上1. engineer endn(r) n. 工程师 vt. 设计,制造engine发动机+eer从事某种工作的人工程师engineering endnr n. 工程,工程学engineer 设计,制造+ ing表名词与设计制造有关的工程,过程学The percentage of girls in engineering has increased substantially. 学工科的女孩的比例已经大大增加了。engine endn n. 发动机,引擎;火车头,机车2. mountaineer mantn(
2、r) n. 登山者mount山+eer从事某种工作的人从事登山的人登山者The mountaineer broke a leg while climbing a cliff and was hospitalized for a month. 登山运动员在攀登悬崖峭壁时摔断了一条腿,住院治疗了一个月。3. pioneer pan(r) n. 先驱,先锋;开拓者 vt. 开创pion (= ped脚)+eer从事某种工作的人走在前面的人先驱 n. 先锋;先驱;带头人Mr Jobs co-founded the company in 1976 and helped establish it as a
3、 technology pioneer.乔布斯在1976年与他人共同创立了苹果,并把该公司建设成技术领域的先驱。He is a pioneer in modern medical practice.他是现代医学实践的先驱. n. 拓荒者Pioneers are people who leave their own country or the place where they were living, and go and live in a place that has not been lived in before. vt. 开创;倡导The method they pioneered
4、remains fundamental to research into the behaviour of nerve cells.他们首创的方法在神经细胞活动的研究中一直是不可或缺的。 a Young Pioneer 一个少先队员4. volunteer vlnt(r) n. 志愿者;自告奋勇者 volunt意愿+eer从事某种工作的人自愿去做的人志愿者后缀2. -el 表名词 -el 表示“小”1. parcel psl n. 包裹,小包parc(=part)部分+el小将一小部分包起来小包,包裹(especiallyBrE) NAmEusually packagesomething th
5、at is wrapped in paper or put into a thick envelope so that it can be sent by mail, carried easily, or given as a presentTheres a parcel and some letters for you. 有你的一个包裹和几封信。She was carrying a parcel of books under her arm. 她腋下夹着一包书。2. morsel msl n. 一点点,一小份(尤指食物) mors咬+el小咬一小口一点点(食物) -el 表示“人或物”1.
6、personnel psnel n. 全体人员;人事部门person人(双写n)+el人全体人员 pl.(组织中的)人员,职员Five other US military personnel were killed in various incidents. 另有5名美军士兵死于各种意外。 U + sing./pl. v. 人事部门She works in personnel. 她在人事部工作。Personnel is/are currently reviewing pay scales.人事部现在正审核工资级别。2. colonel knl n. 上校colon+el人上校3. model
7、mdl n. 模型;模范;型号;模特儿mod方式,模式+el表物或人其他都按这种方式进行的模型;范例;模范4. funnel fnl n. 漏斗;漏斗状物funn(=fuse)流+el表示物让东西流进漏斗 C 漏斗;漏斗状物(使)通过狭窄空间;传送(金钱、货物或信息)V Wind was funnelling through the gorge. 风吹过峡谷。VNHuge pipes funnel the water down the mountainside.巨大的管道把水沿山坡输送下山。Its Global Programme on AIDS funnelled money from do
8、nors to governments.其全球艾滋病项目把捐款发放给各国政府。5. novel nvl n. 小说 adj. 新颖的,新奇的 nov新的+el表物小说;novel小说(有新颖、新奇的故事情节的小说才会受欢迎)新颖的,新奇的 -el 表示“地点或场所”1. channel tnl n. 水渠;航道;频道;海峡chann(希腊语)管道+el地点,场所航道2. kennel kenl n. 狗窝kenn(=canine)狗+el地点,场所狗窝3. tunnel tnl n. 隧道tunn+el地点,场所隧道后缀3. -en可以构成形容词,表示“由制成;似的”,还可构成名词,表示“小;
9、人” -en 表示“由制成的;似的”1. earthen :n adj. (地面或墙)泥土制的;陶制的earth泥土+en由制成的;似的由泥土制成的Despite the mud outside, the earthen floor was clean. 尽管外面泥泞,屋内的泥土地面还是很干净。After that the earthen pot floated away. 之后,陶锅漂走了。2. golden gldn adj. 金(黄)色的;金质的;美好的gold金子+en由制成的;似的由金子制成的;似金子的金质的;金黄色的;美好的 金质的,金的a golden crown 金冕 金色的;
10、金黄色的golden hair 金发 miles of golden beaches 数英里的金色海滩 特别的;美好的golden memories 美好的记忆 Businesses have a golden opportunity to expand into new markets. 商界有开拓新市场的良机。 kill the goose that lays the golden egg/eggs 杀鸡取卵 silence is golden 沉默是金小贴士 金子般的心 a heart of gold,不能说 a golden heartShe started to get a repu
11、tation as an unselfish girl with a heart of gold.她开始被人们赞誉为有一颗金子般的心的无私女孩。3. wooden wdn adj. 木制的;呆板的wood木头+en由制成的;似的由木头制成的;似木头的木制的;呆板的a wooden box 木箱The actor playing the father was too wooden. 饰演父亲的演员太呆板。4. woollen wln adj. 毛料的;羊毛制的wool羊毛+en由制成的由羊毛制成的毛料的(NAmE woolen 美语中拼作woolen)Its too warm to wear w
12、oollen sweaters now. 天热了,毛衣穿不住了。5. silken slkn adj. 丝质的;柔软光洁的;柔和的silk丝绸+en由制成的;似的由丝绸制成的;似丝绸的丝质的;柔软光洁的;柔和的silken ribbons 丝带silken hair 柔软光滑的头发her silken voice 她那柔和的嗓音6. barren brn adj. 贫瘠的,不毛的,荒芜的;不结果的,不育的 bar棒,杆+en似的(草木似乎都是由)光杆组成的(枝叶不茂盛)贫瘠的,荒芜的不生育的,不结果的 -en 表示“小”1. chicken tkn n. 小鸡;鸡肉;胆小鬼 adj. 胆小的c
13、hick小鸡+en小小鸡Im scared of the dark. Im a big chicken. 我怕黑,是个十足的胆小鬼。Why are you so chicken? 你怎么就这么胆小呢?2. kitten ktn n. 小猫kit (=cat)猫(双写t)+en小小猫3. maiden medn n. 少女 adj. 初次的maid女仆;侍女+en小少女 n. 少女,未婚女子 adj. (航行、飞行等)初次的,首次的In 1912, the Titanic sank on her maiden voyage. 1912年,“泰坦尼克”号在处女航中失事沉没。maid med (家庭
14、)女佣;(旅馆)侍女A maid brought me breakfast at half past eight.8点半女佣给我送来了早餐。 -en 表示“人”1. citizen stzn n. 市民,公民city城市(变y为i)+en人市民,公民2. warden w:dn n. 管理员;监狱长ward守卫,保卫+ en人看守人A traffic warden asked him to move his car. 交通管理员让他把车开走。A new warden took over the prison. 一位新的监狱长接管了这所监狱。ward w:d n. 病房;vr. 挡住,防止 C
15、病房He worked as a nurse on the childrens ward. 他在儿科病房当护士。 ward off 避开,挡住,防止(危险、疾病等)She raised her hand to ward off a blow. 她抬起手来,以挡开揍来的拳头。Such a thin padded coat cannot ward off the cold mountain wind. 这么薄的棉衣在高山上挡不住寒风。后缀4. -en表示“使进入状态”后缀5. -er放在动词后,表示动作的执行者;-ee放在动词后,表示动作的承受者,重音在-ee所构成的音节上1. examine g
16、zmn vt. 考试;检查examiner zmn(r) n. 主考人;检查人examinee g zmni: n. 应试者2. train tren v. 训练trainer tren(r) n. 教练员;驯兽师trainee treni: n. 受培训者3. appointee pnti n. 被任命者appoint任命+ee被者被任命者4. employ mpl vt. 雇佣 employer mpl(r) n. 雇主,老板employee mpli: n. 雇工,雇员5. devotee devti n. (狂热的)爱好者;(某一宗教团体的)教徒 devote献身于(去e)+ee被的人
17、爱好者6. nominee nmni: n. 被提名者,候选人nomin(=name)+ee被者被提名者7. committee kmti n. 委员会 commit(委托)+ee被者被委托给的人委员会8. interview ntvju: vt. 采访;面试 interviewer ntvju:(r) n. 主持面试者;采访者interviewee ntvju:i: n. 参加面试者;被采访者9. refer rf:(r) vt. 参考,参看 referee refri: n. 裁判员;仲裁人 refer参看+ee被的人被参看的人裁判员注意: -ee有时候表示“人”,并没有被动的意思1. a
18、bsentee bsnti n. 缺席者absent缺席的+ee的人缺席者2. refugee refjudi: n. 避难者,难民 refuge避难+ee表人避难的人难民后缀6. -er构成动词,表示“反复的动作”;还可构成名词,表示“人或物” -er构成动词,表示“反复的动作”1. chatter tt(r) vi. 喋喋不休;(牙齿)打战chat聊天(双写t)+er表反复喋喋不休 V (away/on) (to sb) (about sth) 喋喋不休;唠叨to talk quickly and continuously, especially about things that are
19、 not importantThey chattered away happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。The children chattered to each other excitedly about the next days events. 孩子们很兴奋,没完没了地谈论着第二天的活动。 V (牙齿)打战,咯咯响She was so cold her teeth chattered. 她冻得牙齿咯咯响。2. waver wev(r) vi. 动摇,犹豫;摇曳wave飘动,起伏+(e)r表反复动摇,犹豫 V 动摇,犹豫Her determination n
20、ever wavered. 她的决心从未动摇过。Shes wavering between buying a house in the city or moving away. 她举棋不定,不知是在这个城市里买所房子,还是迁居他处。 V 摇曳;闪烁The shadows of the dancers wavered continually.舞者的身影在轻轻晃动着。3. shiver v(r) 颤抖,哆嗦(因寒冷、恐惧)shiv(谐音为“水雾”)+er表反复因寒冷而哆嗦指因寒冷、害怕等而轻微和快速地颤抖。Dont stand outside shiveringcome inside and ge
21、t warm!别站在外面冻得打哆嗦了进来暖暖身子吧!He shivered at the thought of the cold, dark sea.那寒冷黑暗的大海,他想想都吓得发抖。4. quiver kwv(r) vi. & n. 轻微颤动指树叶、鸟的翅膀等抖动,也指人因恐惧、紧张等而嘴唇、声音等颤动,侧重于轻微、急速、连续不断,有时令人难以察觉,在程度上弱于 tremble。(qui可以使我们联想到quick)Her lip quivered and then she started to cry.她嘴唇微微一颤就哭了起来。Jane couldnt help the quiver in
22、 her voice. 简不禁声音颤抖。5. batter bt(r) v. 连续猛击;殴打 bat打(双写t)+er表反复连续猛击 -er 放在名词或形容词后面构成名词,表示“人”,也可放在动词后面,表示做该动作的“物”1. banker bk(r) n. 银行家bank银行+er人银行家2. villager vld(r) n. 村民village村庄+(e)r人住在村庄的人村民3. teenager tined(r) n. 青少年teenage青少年的+(e)r人青少年4. lighter lat(r) n. 打火机light点燃+er物打火机5. heater hit(r) n. 加热
23、器;炉子heat加热+er物加热器;炉子后缀7. -ern构成形容词,表示“方向的”,还可构成名词,表“场所” ern- 表示“方向的”1. northern n:n adj. 北方的,北部的north n:北方+ern表形容词北方的(注意:th的读音发生了变化)2. southern sn adj. 南方的,南部的south sa南方+ern表形容词南方的(注意:ou和th的读音都发生了变化)3. eastern i:stn adj. 东方的east东方+ern表形容词东方的4. western westn adj. 西方的;欧美的west西方+ern表形容词西方的5. northeaste
24、rn n:i:stn adj. 东北方的northeast东北方+ern表形容词东北方的6. northwestern n:westn adj. 西北方的northwest西北方+ern表形容词西北方的7. southeastern sai:stn dj. 东南方的southeast东南方+ern表形容词东南方的8. southwestern sawestn adj. 西南方的southwest西南方+ern表形容词西南方的小贴士 汉语里“东南西北”的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north,south,east,west。汉语中的“东北,东南,西北,西南”以“东”“西”为着眼点,而英语中则以“北n
25、orth”和“南south”为着眼点 northeast 东北, northwest西北, southeast东南, southwest西南。小贴士 用时间表示方向:一般是军事行动时用的,因为在没有参照物,想象一下自己面前有一个机械表盘,以自己为中心,以自己当时面对的正前方为12点钟方向,每夹角30为一点,其他就类推了。如3点钟方向,就是自己的正右侧,9点钟方向就是自己的正左侧,1点钟方向就是自己的正前偏右30度的方向。 ern- 表示“场所”1. lectern lektn n. (教堂中的)诵经台;(演讲的)讲台lect讲,读+ern表场所讲的地方诵经台;讲台Heturnedoverone
26、ofhisnotecardsonthelectern.他翻过一张放在演讲台上的笔记卡片。Can I bring my notes to the lectern? 我可以带笔记到讲台去吗?2. cavern kvn n. 大洞穴,大山洞 cave洞(去e)+ern场所,地点洞穴Acavernis a large deep cave.后缀8. ery构成名词,表“地点,场所;总称;行为” -ery 构成名词,表“地点,场所”。部分词可看作“表示人的名词+y表场所”。如bake烤baker面包师bakery面包房1. bakery bekri n. 面包房,面包店bake烤,烘焙+ery表场所bak
27、ery面包房2. grocery grsri n. 食品杂货店grocer食品杂货商+y表场所食品杂货店(NAmE usually grocery store)3. ministry mnstri n. (政府的)部minister部长(去e)+y表场所部长工作的场所部4. nursery n:sri n. 托儿所;幼儿园;育儿室nurse护理+(e)ry表场所托儿所;幼儿园小贴士 nursing home 养老院;疗养所a small private hospital, especially one where old people live and are cared forHe died
28、 in a nursing home at the age of 87. 他在一家养老院去世,享年87岁。5. fishery fri n. 渔场fish鱼+ery表场所渔场6. surgery s:dri n. 门诊处;外科手术surg手术+ery表场所或行为门诊处;外科手术 U 外科手术;外科学She had three surgeries over ten days. 她十天进行了三次手术。His father has just recovered from heart surgery.他父亲刚刚从心脏外科手术中康复过来。 诊疗室,诊所 (US, use doctors office,
29、dentists office)He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctors surgery. (高中教材 北师大版 选修6 P29 L5)在诊所里,他不得不等很长时间。surgeon s:dn n. 外科医生7. cemetery semtri n. 墓地,坟地,公墓cemet(=cem)躺+ery场所,地点死人躺着的地方坟墓HisremainshavebeenexhumedfromacemeteryinQueens,NewYorkCity.他的遗体被从纽约市皇后区的墓地里挖了出来。8. refinery rfanri n.
30、精练厂,提炼厂 refine精炼,提炼+(e)ry表场所精炼厂,提炼厂 -ery 构成不可数名词,表总称。也可看作“表示人的名词+y表总称”。如jewel珠宝jeweller珠宝商jewellery珠宝1. jewellery du:lri n. 珠宝,首饰jewel 宝石,珠宝(双写l)+ery表总称j珠宝首饰(美国英语用 jewelry)U 珠宝;首饰 objects such as rings and necklaces that people wear as decorationShe has some lovely pieces of jewellery. 她有几件漂亮的首饰。jew
31、el du:l n. 宝石;珍宝jeweller du:l(r) n. 珠宝商;钟表匠;宝石匠;珠宝店(NAmE jeweler)a person who makes, repairs or sells jewellery and watches2. machinery mi:nri n.(统称)机器;(尤指)大型机器machine机器+(e)ry表总称machiner操作机器者+y表总称机器(统称)3. pottery ptri n. 陶器(尤指手工制的)pot茶壶;锅(双写t)+ery表总称陶器(统称)pot pt n. 锅;茶壶;咖啡壶;罐;花盆4. scenery si:nri n.
32、风景,景色,风光scene景色+(e)ry表总称风景(统称)U 风景,景色,风光The scenery in a country area is the land, water, or plants that you can see around you.Whoever passes here would stop to admire the scenery. 但凡过路的人,都要停下一览这儿的风光。scene si:n n. 场面,现场;(戏剧的)一场;景色 C, usually sing. (of sth) (尤指不愉快事件发生的)地点,现场Firefighters were on the
33、scene immediately. 消防队立刻赶到现场。 C (of sth) 场面,情景an event or a situation that you see, especially one of a particular typeThe teams victory produced scenes of joy all over the country. 球队的胜利使举国上下出现一派欢乐的场面。 C (电影,书等)镜头,场面;(戏剧)场The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment. 电影开头的一场戏发生在纽约一套公寓里。 C 景
34、象;景色;风光a view that you seeIts a scene of complete devastation. 那是一副满目疮痍的景象。 make a scene (尤指当众、有失体面的)争吵,吵闹Im sorry I made such a scene. 对不起,我失态了。She had made a scene in the middle of the party. 她在聚会时大闹了一场。5. shrubbery rbri n. 灌木丛shrub灌木(双写b)+ery表总称灌木丛The voice seemed to be coming from the shrubbery.
35、声音似乎是从灌木丛里传来的。The mountains are sparsely covered with shrubbery and trees.山上有稀疏的灌木和树覆盖。6. greenery rinri n. 绿色植物green绿色+ery表总称绿色植物Plants that make a place look attractive are referred to as greenery.The room was decorated with flowers and greenery.屋里装点着花卉和绿叶植物。 -ery 构成名词,表行为、性质或制度1. robbery rbri n.
36、抢劫rob抢劫(双写b)+ery+表行为或性质抢劫2. slavery slevri n. 奴隶制度slave奴隶+(e)ry表制度奴隶制度3. bravery brevr n. 勇敢,勇气brave勇敢面对+(e)ry表行为勇敢,勇气Bravery is brave behaviour or the quality of being brave.He deserves the highest praise for his bravery.他的英勇行为应该获得最高的赞誉。4. butchery btri n. 残杀;屠宰butcher屠杀+y表行为残杀;屠宰小贴士 the butchers 肉
37、店In her view, war is simply a legalised form of butchery.在她看来,战争只不过是一种合法化的屠杀。5. archery tri n. 弓箭术,弓箭运动arch弓+ery表行为弓箭运动Horse riding, pool, table tennis, archery and fishing are also available. 骑马,游泳池,乒乓球,射箭和渔业也可。6. trickery trkri n. 欺骗,欺诈,耍花招trick诡计+ery行为欺诈Uthe use of dishonest methods to trick peop
38、le in order to achieve what you wantThey are notorious for resorting to trickery in order to impress their clients.他们为了打动客户不惜坑蒙拐骗,因而声名狼藉。7. effrontery frntri n. 厚颜无耻 ef出来+front面,脸+ery表行为(不顾羞耻)把脸伸出去厚颜无耻后缀9. escent=grow, become,表示“变得”1. adolescent dlesnt n. 青少年 adj. 青少年的adol(=adult, old)成年+escent变得转变为
39、成年的时期青少年的,青春期的Young adolescents are happiest with small groups of close friends. 青少年在和自己小圈子里的好友呆在一起时最为开心。Most adolescent problems are temporary.多数青少年问题是暂时性的。adolescence dlesns n. 青春期Some people become very self-conscious in adolescence.有些人在青春期会变得异常害羞。2. incandescent nkndesnt adj. 白炽的;活力四射的;暴怒的in使+ca
40、nd白;发光+escent变得(遇热)变得发光的白炽的;暴怒的incandescent lamps 白炽灯Gill had an extraordinary, incandescent personality.吉尔个性鲜明,热情洋溢。It makes me incandescent with fury. 它令我极其愤怒。3. evanescent evnesnt adj. (literary) 瞬息即逝的;迅速遗忘的 e出去+van空+escent变得刚出现就变空了迅速消失的4. convalescent knvlesnt adj. 正在康复的;康复期的 n. 恢复期的病人 con加强+val
41、强壮+escent变得(开始)变强壮的逐渐恢复的后缀10. -esque 构成形容词,表示“如的”1. picturesque pktresk adj. 风景如画的;(语言)生动形象的 picture图画+esque像的像图画的风景如画的2. statuesque sttuesk adj. (女性)高挑的,挺拔的statue雕塑+esque如的如雕塑般的(女性)又高又美的She was a statuesque brunette.她有着一头深褐色头发,身材高挑。3. grotesque rtesk adj. 怪诞的;丑陋奇异的 n. 丑八怪grot岩洞+esque如的如岩洞里(画)一样怪诞的
42、adj. 怪诞的;荒唐的;荒谬的strange in a way that is unpleasant or offensiveIts grotesque to expect a person of her experience to work for so little money. 想让她那样有经验的人为这点钱工作真是荒唐。the grotesque disparities between the wealthy few and nearly everyone else 少数富人与几乎所有其他人之间悬殊的贫富差距 adj. 丑陋奇异的,奇形怪状的extremely ugly in a st
43、range way that is often frightening or amusingtribal dancers wearing grotesque masks戴着奇异面具的部落跳舞者They tried to avoid looking at his grotesque face and his crippled body. 他们尽量不去看他那张奇丑无比的脸和残疾的身体。 C (尤指小说或绘画中的)怪异的人,丑八怪4. burlesque blesk n. 滑稽讽刺表演(或作品)adj. 滑稽剧的burl嬉笑+esque如的滑稽讽刺表演的 C滑稽讽刺表演(或作品) U (NAmE) 滑稽娱乐(曾经风靡美国,常伴有脱衣舞)后缀11. -ess表示阴性 1. actor kt(r) n. 演员(尤指男演员)